Table of Contents
What is Maria Theresa most famous for?
Maria Theresa was the most important ruler of the age of Enlightened Absolutism and one of the most famous Habsburgs. She took over the reins of government on the death of her father Charles VI and implemented numerous enduring reforms.
What did Maria Theresa do?
She began by initiating reforms. Maria Theresa strengthened the army by doubling the number of troops from her father’s reign, reorganized the tax structure to insure a predictable annual income to support the costs of the government and army, and centralized an office to assist in the collection of the taxes.
How did Maria Theresa come to power?
Though the official ruler was actually her husband, Francis I, she governed the Habsburg monarchy single-handedly. When her husband became the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire in 1945, Maria Theresa acquired the title of empress, as suits the wife of an emperor.
How did the rule of absolute monarchs affect the peasants?
Those who lost out in absolutism were the peasants: especially in Central and Eastern Europe, what freedoms peasants had enjoyed before about 1650 increasingly vanished as the newly absolutist monarchs struck deals with their nobility that ratified the latter’s right to completely control the peasantry.
Who was the father of Maria Carolina of Austria?
Born an Austrian archduchess, the thirteenth child of Empress Maria Theresa and Emperor Francis I, she married Ferdinand as part of an Austrian alliance with Spain, where Ferdinand’s father was king. Following the birth of a male heir in 1775, Maria Carolina was admitted to the Privy Council.
What did Andre Marie Ampere publish in 1826?
Ampère’s most important publication on electricity and magnetism was also published in 1826. It is called Memoir on the Mathematical Theory of Electrodynamic Phenomena, Uniquely Deduced from Experience and contained a mathematical derivation of the electrodynamic force law and describes four experiments.
How old was Maria Carolina when she married Ferdinand?
Nine months later, on 7 April 1768, Maria Carolina married Ferdinand IV of Naples by proxy, her brother Ferdinand representing the bride-groom. The fifteen-year-old Queen of Naples journeyed at leisure from Vienna to Naples, making stops at Mantua, Bologna, Florence, and Rome on the way.
How old was Andre Marie when the French Revolution began?
In 1789, when André-Marie was 14, the French Revolution began. In 1791, while André-Marie continued his home-studies on their country estate, the revolutionaries gave his father the legal role of Justice of the Peace. In 1792, André-Marie’s older sister Antoinette died.